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To study the quality control of three traditional Chinese medicines derived from Gleditsia sinensis [Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus(GSF), Gleditsiae Fructus Abnormalis(GFA), and Gleditsiae Spina(GS)], this paper established a multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) approach based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-linear ion-trap mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-Trap-MS). Using an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18) column(2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm), gradient elution was performed at 40 ℃ with water containing 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile as the mobile phase running at 0.3 mL·min~(-1), and the separation and content determination of ten chemical constituents(e.g., saikachinoside A, locustoside A, orientin, taxifolin, vitexin, isoquercitrin, luteolin, quercitrin, quercetin, and apigenin) in GSF, GFA, and GS were enabled within 31 min. The established method could quickly and efficiently determine the content of ten chemical constituents in GSF, GFA, and GS. All constituents showed good linearity(r>0.995), and the average recovery rate was 94.09%-110.9%. The results showed that, the content of two alkaloids in GSF(2.03-834.75 μg·g~(-1)) was higher than that in GFA(0.03-10.41 μg·g~(-1)) and GS(0.04-13.66 μg·g~(-1)), while the content of eight flavonoids in GS(0.54-2.38 mg·g~(-1)) was higher than that in GSF(0.08-0.29 mg·g~(-1)) and GFA(0.15-0.32 mg·g~(-1)). These results provide references for the quality control of G. sinensis-derived TCMs.
Subject(s)
Flavonoids/analysis , Alkaloids , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Mass Spectrometry , Drugs, Chinese HerbalABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the effects of orthokeratology lenses and frame glasses on anisometropia in children with low myopia in one eye.@*Methods@#Between January 2017 and January 2018, 120 children of primary and secondary school age with myopic anisometropia low myopia in one eye presenting to the Second People s Hospital of Yunnan Province were selected as research objects,with average refractive error of(-1.00,-2.50)D in one eye and(-0.50,0.50)D in another eye. Participants were divided into an experimental group and a control group (60 cases per group), according to a random number grouping method. The control group were given frame glasses, while the experimental group were given orthokeratology lenses. A prospective study was conducted to compare and analyze the lengths of the posterior eye axis (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE), measured at different time intervals between the two groups.@*Results@#There were some initial differences in AL and SE between the two groups before the experiment began; however, this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). After 12 months, participants myopic eyes given the orthokeratology lenses had shorter AL[(24.91±0.11)mm] compared to the control group[(25.02±0.09)mm],participants health eyes had longer AL[(24.58±0.24)mm] compared to the control group[(24.20±0.13)mm]. One month after the subjects stopped wearing plastic mirrors,participants myopic eyes had higher SE[(-2.22±0.78)D] compared to the control group[(-2.64±0.21)D],and had lower that in the control group[(-0.96±0.84)(-0.37±0.54)D](t=4.02，-4.58，P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#In children with low myopia in one eye, compared with wearers of frame glasses, wearing corneal shape lenses can effectively restrain AL extend and control the progression of eye myopia. At the same time, wearing corneal shape lenses can promote contralateral healthy eye axial extension and an increase in diopter, reduce the anisometropia value, solve the problems of a binocular visual axis development imbalance, and promote coordinated eye development.
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Objective@#To evaluate the long-term ef efficacy and safety of topical 1% atropine for retarding pregressive myopia.@*Methods@#A randomized controlled study evaluating atropine and placebo in 570 Chinese children aged 8~14 years recruited from pediatric ophthalmology in Yunnan Provincial the Second People s Hospital during Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2019. In experimental group, patients received drops every two weeks for 24 months, then every three weeks for 12 months, followed by no drops for 12 months. In control group, all children wear single focus frame glasses. Spherical equivalent, axial length, intraocular pressure and atropinerelated side effects were examined at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 months for all children.@*Results@#At the end of stage Ⅰ, the myopia progression in the atropine treatment group (-0.27±0.81)D was significantly lower than that in the control group (-1.29±0.13)D, and the increase of axial length in the atropine group (0.11±0.13)mm was also significantly lower than that in the control group (0.41±0.19)mm (P<0.05). At the end of stage Ⅱ, the average myopia progression in the atropine treatment group (-0.31±0.28)D was significantly lower than that in the control group (-0.80±0.66)D (P<0.01). Similarly, the axial growth of the experimental group (0.14±0.09)mm was significantly lower than that of the control group (0.39±0.14)mm (P<0.01). After the withdrawal of atropine eye drops (stage Ⅲ), there was no significant refractive regression in the experimental group. During the whole follow-up period, no serious adverse events related to atropine were found.@*Conclusion@#Local intermittent use of 1% atropine eye drops and the gradual reduction of atropine eye drops can ensure the effectiveness in the treatment of myopia, reducing the side effects of atropine, avoiding refractive regression after drug withdrawal, and improving children s compliance at the same time.
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Objective@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 0.05% atropine eye drops for retarding myopia progression and ocular axial elongation in school children,and to provide a reference for the relevant prevention and control measures of myopia.@*Methods@#A total of 188 children with myopia were randomly assigned to the experimental group(93) or to the control group(95). During the phase (first 24 months) I,children received treatment in each eye once a day. During the phase II (from 25th to the 36th month),no treatment was given. Standardized eye examinations including spherical equivalent(SE),axial length(AL),intraocular pressure(IOP) and potential atropine-related side effect assessment were performed every 6 months.@*Results@#In phase I, the annual progression rates of equivalent spherical degree [(-0.35±0.21)D/year] and axial length [(0.11±0.07)mm/year] in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group [(-0.83±0.26)D/year and (0.37±0.22)mm/year] (P<0.05). After withdrawal of atropine eye drops (phase II), the equivalent spherical degree progression rate [(-0.40±0.29)D/year] and axial length progression rate [(0.10±0.04)mm/year] in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group [(0.73±0.40)D/year and (0.30±0.11)mm/year]. No serious adverse events associated with atropine were found during the follow up period. After the withdrawal of atropine, the pupil size, near visual acuity and adjustment gradually returned to the pre-treatment level.@*Conclusion@#0.05% atropine eye drops may not only maintain the efficacy and reduce potential side effects of atropine but also significantly increase the compliance of children,0.05% atropine is a safe and effective treatment for retarding myopic progression in moderate myopia.
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Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the application and the feasibility of microwave ablation in laparoscopic partial splenectomy. Materials and Methods: From January 2018 to June 2019, four patients with benign spleen lesions in our hospital underwent laparoscopic partial splenectomy assisted by microwave ablation. The reviewed parameters included the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, ablation time, frequency of ablation, postoperative drainage time, postoperative hospitalization time, and postoperative complications. Results: All four patients underwent laparoscopic partial splenectomy assisted by microwave ablation successfully, and there were no cases of conversion to laparotomy. The operation time was 100–200 min (mean, 152.5 min) and ablation time was 16–35 min (mean, 22.8 min). The frequency of ablation was 4–7 times (mean, 5.3 times), and the intraoperative blood loss was 5–300 ml (mean, 138.8 ml). The postoperative drainage time was 3–5 d (mean, 3.3 d), and postoperative hospital stay was 3–9 d (mean, 7.8 d). There were no complications such as peripheral tissue injury, massive bleeding, infestation of spleen fossa, and pancreatic leakage. Conclusion: Microwave ablation is worthy of clinical application in laparoscopic partial spleen resection as it is safe and effective with low rates of bleeding and fast recovery
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Objective To ascertain the level and dynamic changes of environmental health hazards in the rural areas of Pukou, Nanjing, to objectively evaluate the situation of rural environmental sanitation, providing basis and support for formulating policies and measures by the higher authorities. Methods According to the requirements of the rural environmental sanitation monitoring program of Jiangsu Province in 2017, 5 streets, 20 administrative villages were selected as monitoring points and 100 families used as monitoring objects.The monitoring data were obtained through interviews, access data, field records and laboratory tests. Results Centralized water supply was realized by 20 monitoring points.The rate of collection and centralized disposal of domestic waste was 95.00%.The sewage disposal sites were mainly discharged into sewage treatment plants and harmless sanitary toilets, accounting for 41.00% and 42.00% respectively.The coverage rate of sanitary toilets was 95.54%.Those who did the work of killing rats, flies and mosquitoes accounted for 40.00% and those who did the work of killing cockroaches 25.00%.And 98.00% of the families used fuel for gas, 98.00% of the families never burned straw in the fields, 88.00% of the families did not use the film, and the membrane recycling rate was 91.67%.It was found that 100% of the households drank boiled water, and 90.00% of the respondents developed the habit of washing hands before and after meals.The detection rate of Ascaris eggs was 20.00% in 20 soil samples, and the contents of Pb, CD and Cr were all within the normal range. Conclusion Although some achievements have been made in the rural environmental sanitation in Pukou, the management of pollution of rural sewage, waste and feces should be further strengthened, and the dangerous factors that affect the health of rural residents should be decreased and four pests removal activities actively carried out.
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Objective To ascertain the level and dynamic changes of environmental health hazards in the rural areas of Pukou, Nanjing, to objectively evaluate the situation of rural environmental sanitation, providing basis and support for formulating policies and measures by the higher authorities. Methods According to the requirements of the rural environmental sanitation monitoring program of Jiangsu Province in 2017, 5 streets, 20 administrative villages were selected as monitoring points and 100 families used as monitoring objects.The monitoring data were obtained through interviews, access data, field records and laboratory tests. Results Centralized water supply was realized by 20 monitoring points.The rate of collection and centralized disposal of domestic waste was 95.00%.The sewage disposal sites were mainly discharged into sewage treatment plants and harmless sanitary toilets, accounting for 41.00% and 42.00% respectively.The coverage rate of sanitary toilets was 95.54%.Those who did the work of killing rats, flies and mosquitoes accounted for 40.00% and those who did the work of killing cockroaches 25.00%.And 98.00% of the families used fuel for gas, 98.00% of the families never burned straw in the fields, 88.00% of the families did not use the film, and the membrane recycling rate was 91.67%.It was found that 100% of the households drank boiled water, and 90.00% of the respondents developed the habit of washing hands before and after meals.The detection rate of Ascaris eggs was 20.00% in 20 soil samples, and the contents of Pb, CD and Cr were all within the normal range. Conclusion Although some achievements have been made in the rural environmental sanitation in Pukou, the management of pollution of rural sewage, waste and feces should be further strengthened, and the dangerous factors that affect the health of rural residents should be decreased and four pests removal activities actively carried out.
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@#[摘 要] 目的：探讨敲减中心体相关激酶2（never in mitosis A-related kinase 2，NEK2）对结直肠癌细胞5-FU化疗敏感性的影响及其可能的机制。方法：采用qPCR和Western blotting检测结直肠癌细胞中NEK2 mRNA及蛋白的表达水平。构建针对NEK2基因的小干扰RNA（siRNA）并转染至结直肠癌细胞HCT116及SW620，实验分为阳性干扰组1（转染NEK2 siRNA1）、阳性干扰组2（转染NEK2 siRNA2）和阴性对照组（转染si-NC），均用5-FU处理。采用CCK-8实验、V-FICT/PI Annexin双染色流式细胞术实验观察敲减NEK2基因对5-FU作用下结肠癌细胞的增殖、周期分布及凋亡的影响，采用Western blotting检测敲减NEK2基因对5-FU作用下结直肠癌细胞内Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关蛋白表达的影响。结果：NEK2蛋白及mRNA在结直肠癌细胞HCT116、SW620中均呈高表达（P<0.05或P<0.01），转染NEK2 siRNA可高效抑制HCT116、SW620细胞中NEK2蛋白及mRNA表达（均P<0.01）。经不同浓度5-FU作用后，阳性干扰组1和阳性干扰组2的细胞存活率和IC50均显著低于阴性对照组（均P<0.01），细胞发生G0/G1期阻滞且凋亡率显著升高（均P<0.01），胞核β-catenin、c-myc和cyclin D1表达水平显著下降而胞质β-catenin表达水平升高（均P<0.01）。结论：敲减NEK2基因可有效提高人结直肠癌细胞对5-FU的化疗敏感性，该作用可能是通过调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关蛋白表达来实现的。
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Abstract Purpose Changrui enema, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, is used as a supplementary treatment for acute radiation proctitis (ARP). Herein we explored the inhibition effects of Changrui enema on NF-κB and VEGF in ARP mice. Methods A total of 120 C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into normal mice group, ARP mice group, western medicine enema group (dexamethasone combined with gentamicin), and Changrui enema group. ARP mice were established by pelvic local irradiation. The expression of IL-1β, NF-κB, VEGF, AQP1, AQP3, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK was determined by immunohistochemistry or western blot. Results The study firstly found that Changrui enema alleviated ARP mice. The expression of IL-1β, NF-κB, VEGF, AQP1 and p-ERK1/2 was increased in ARP mice, and was reserved by Changrui enema. However, the expression of AQP3 and p-JNK was decreased in ARP mice, and was up-regulated by Changrui enema. Conclusions Changrui enema is an effective treatment with fewer side effects for ARP. The mechanism of Changrui enema may be related to the inhibition of inflammation-induced angiogenesis. Changrui enema inhibits IL-1β and NF-κB expression as well as VEGF expression. Interestingly, AQP1 promotes angiogenesis, while AQP3 inhibits inflammation. Changrui enema probably inhibits AQP1 expression by down-regulating p-ERK1/2, and improves AQP3 expression by up-regulating p-JNK.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Proctitis/etiology , Proctitis/drug therapy , Radiation Injuries/metabolism , Radiation Injuries/drug therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , NF-kappa B/drug effects , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/drug effects , Enema , Inflammation , Mice, Inbred C57BLABSTRACT
Allergic asthma is a disease that pathologically characterized by eosinophilia infiltration, airway inflammation and hyper responsiveness. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergy possibilities of honokiol, a bi-phenolic compound obtained from species of the genus Magnolia, which has long been involved in traditional Chinese prescriptions for asthma-related lung diseases, in an ovalbumin-induced mouse model of allergic asthma. We found honokiol significantly inhibited the eosinophilia infiltration, reduced the airway inflammation and suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines] as well as the IgE in serum. Moreover, MMP-9 and? [IL-4 and IFN- NF-kB were found to be involved in the honokiol induced biological process. These results suggested that honokiol may be a possible candidate in the treatment of lung asthma related diseases
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This study investigated the anti-HSV-2 effect of alumen through in vitro and in vivo experiments.Viable cell counting was employed to assess the toxicity of alumen on Vero cells.The inhibition rate of HSV-2 was defined as the cytopathic effect (CPE) of the cells infected with the virus.Alumen suppositories of different concentrations were vaginally applied to the guinea pigs which were then infected with HSV-2 via a vaginal route.The clinical symptoms were observed and the local virus titer calculated.The results showed that alumen had an in vitro anti-HSV-2 effect by means of antiviral duplication,direct killing of the virus,and antiviral adsorption.Alumen suppositories of different concentrations could reduce or completely inhibit HSV-2 infection in guinea pigs.It was concluded that alumen had an in vitro anti-HSV-2 effect through multiple approaches and it could suppress in vivo vaginal HSV-2 infection of guinea pig to some extent.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a multiplex real-time quantitative PCR method for diagnosis of Down's and Edward's syndrome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The sequences of the amyloid precursor protein gene (APP) in the Down's region of chromosome 21 and the thymidylate synthetase gene (TYMS) on chromosome 18 were co-amplified in the same tube. The relative quantitative index DeltaCT value was used to differentiate Down's and Edward's syndrome patient from healthy individual. Four groups of samples, including 36 blood samples from normal controls (group A), 15 amniotic fluid samples from normal pregnancies (group B), 21 samples from patients with Down's syndrome (group C) and 6 samples from patients with Edward's syndrome (group D), were investigated in the study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean DeltaCT values of the four groups were -0.48+/-0.15, -0.49+/-0.12, -1.26+/-0.17 and 0.25+/-0.12 respectively. The DeltaCT value from group B was not different from that from group A (P>0.05). However, the DeltaCT values from group C and group D were significantly different from that from group A (P<0.01), and no overlapping was observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The DeltaCT values from multiplex real-time quantitative PCR could be used to rapidly diagnose Down's and Edward's syndrome simultaneously.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Amniotic Fluid , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 , Genetics , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 , Genetics , Down Syndrome , Genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prenatal Diagnosis , Methods , Syndrome , TrisomyABSTRACT
Humoral immune responses of IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE and IgG subclass antibodies to Schistosoma japonicum egg antigens were determined by immunoblotting with serum samples from individuals in China with acute (n=24) or chronic (n=35) schistosomiasis. In general, IgM, IgA, and IgE in sera from acute patients exhibited strong binding to antigens but binding was much weaker in chronic cases. Reaction of IgG4 of chronic cases was stronger than that of IgG4 of acute cases. The recognition profile of each antibody isotype in sera was analyzed for 11 major antigen molecules (antigens with apparent molecular weights of 82, 76, 61, 57, 53, 46, 40, 32, 27, 10 and less than 6.5 kDa). Except for the 10 kDa molecule, they were well-recognized by IgA and IgE in sera of acute cases. In other combinations of antibody class and clinical phase, recognition patterns against these molecules differed among individuals. Notably, the 10 kDa molecule was specifically recognized by total IgG and IgG4 in sera from most of the chronic patients, but in sera from only one acute case. This result suggests that the 10 kDa molecule is one of the major target antigens of IgG4 and may be useful as a marker antigen to characterize the clinical phases of S. japonicum infection.